Building a Safe Space for the Italian Spadefoot in the Ticino River Landscape

Objective

To improve the conservation status of the endangered Italian Spadefoot toad by restoring 25’000 m2 of wetlands and reinforcing populations through innovative restocking and public awareness.

Context and challenges

The Ticino River Landscape is a critical corridor linking the Alps to the Apennines. However, the endemic Italian Spadefoot faces extinction due to severe population fragmentation. While the “Paludi di Arsago” SAC is a key stronghold, over half of the breeding sites lack legal protection. This project targets these vulnerable unprotected areas to prevent further isolation.

Why it matters

The Italian Spadefoot is a globally threatened endemic subspecies. As an “umbrella species,” its protection ensures the survival of diverse aquatic flora and fauna while securing vital ecosystem services like water purification and carbon sequestration for over 100’000 local residents.

Areas of Action

• Restoration of two key wetlands (Besnate and Gallarate) through hydrological surveys, excavation, and water-level management to create ideal breeding habitats.
• Population Reinforcement: Translocation of egg clutches and tadpole farming to increase individual abundance and bridge the gap between fragmented populations.
• Awareness & Advocacy: A campaign to influence stakeholders and the public on the economic and social benefits of freshwater habitats and integrated water management.

Istituto Oikos

Founded in Milan in 1996 by a group of biologists and naturalists, Istituto Oikos is an independent, non-profit organization (NGO) dedicated to the conservation of biodiversity and the promotion of sustainable development. The organization operates under the principle that environmental protection is inextricably linked to the socio-economic well-being of the communities that inhabit those ecosystems.